Justia Colorado Supreme Court Opinion Summaries

The State petitioned for relief from an in limine ruling of the juvenile court allowing the introduction of testimony by the juvenile’s psychological expert without regard for the court-ordered examination mandated by section 16-8-107, C.R.S. (2013). The juvenile court reasoned that in the absence of any provision of the Criminal Procedure Code specifying otherwise, the requirements of section 16-8-107 did not apply to delinquency proceedings. Finding no error in the juvenile court's analysis, the Supreme Court affirmed. View "Colorado in the Interest of A.A." on Justia Law

Defendant sought the return of $11,200 that was forfeited, distributed and spent by the receiving agencies three-and-a-half years before his criminal conviction was dismissed. The trial court granted defendant's motion. The State appealed, and the appellate court affirmed the trial court's order. After its review, the Supreme Court held that section 16-13-307(1.6), C.R.S. (2013) of the public nuisance statute did not apply where the underlying criminal case was dismissed following a reversal of the related criminal conviction on appeal when forfeiture judgment already entered. Accordingly, the appellate court was reversed. View "Colorado v. $11,200.00 U.S. Currency" on Justia Law

The State brought an interlocutory appeal to challenge the trial court's suppression of evidence discovered in a vehicle search incident to the arrest of defendant Shaun Crum. Police officers observed Crum standing near the open rear driver-side door of a SUV late at night in a commercial area known for high levels of drug activity. The officers approached Crum to speak with him, ran a wants and warrants check, and discovered an outstanding warrant for Crum's arrest. As Crum was being placed under arrest, he dropped a fast food wrapper and stepped on it, attempting to crush it with his feet. The officers retrieved the wrapper, which was found to hold a baggie containing two Oxycodone pills packaged in a manner consistent with a possible intent to distribute. The officers then searched the vehicle, finding various items in the passenger compartment that led to additional drug charges. Crum moved to suppress, but the trial court ruled that although the officers had probable cause to arrest Crum for possession of a controlled substance, they lacked sufficient reason to believe that the vehicle contained further evidence of possession. Consequently, the court suppressed the evidence discovered in the search. Because the officers saw Crum reaching into the vehicle, apparently retrieving the pills that he later attempted to conceal, the Supreme Court concluded it was reasonable for them to suspect that additional pills might be found in the vehicle. Under these circumstances, the Court found sufficient connection between the contraband in Crum’s possession and the vehicle to give rise to a reasonable articulable suspicion that additional contraband might be located in the vehicle. Therefore the suppression order was reversed and the case remanded for further proceedings. View "Colorado v. Crum" on Justia Law

A.S. was sentenced as an aggravated juvenile offender to two years' commitment to the Department of Human Services, suspended on condition of successful completion of two years' probation. The district court vacated the sentence and remanded for resentencing, holding that 19-2-601 C.R.S. (2013) authorized only commitment to DHS, and did not grant a court discretion to grant probation. Upon review of the applicable statute, the Supreme Court concluded 19-2-601 does indeed grant a sentencing court discretion. View "A.S. v. Colorado" on Justia Law

In June 2013, in Pueblo and El Paso County citizens certified petitions to recall State Senator Angela Giron and State Senator John Morse. A month later, the Governor set a September 10 recall election for both Senate seats. This recall election was the first in Colorado's history for members of the General Assembly. The Governor then submitted an Interrogatory to the Supreme Court pursuant to Article VI, section 3,of the Colorado Constitution to ask whether the prior participation requirement in Article XXI, section 3, of the Colorado Constitution conflicted with the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution. The Colorado Court issued an Order holding that the prior participation requirement in Article XXI, section 3, conflicted with the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution. View "In re Interrogatory Propounded by Governor Hickenlooper" on Justia Law

Paul Voth was arrested after firing several gunshots in a rural subdivision where he lived. He was taken to Denver Health Medical Center. Denver Health reported that Voth was disoriented when he arrived at the hospital due to visual and auditory hallucinations. Voth's delirium began to subside around about a month later. Although Denver Health suspected that viral encephalitis was the source of Voth's psychotic episode, it did not reach a definitive diagnosis. Voth was ultimately charged with several crimes; he entered a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI). The issue before the Supreme Court in this case centered on the trial court's oral order allowing Voth, to assert involuntary intoxication as an affirmative defense under section 18-1-804, C.R.S. (2013).The Court found the trial court abused its discretion when it found that a virus qualified as a "substance" that could result in intoxication under the statute. The case was remanded for further proceedings. View "Colorado v. Voth" on Justia Law

Defendant met his victim "ML" while standing in line at a store. A few days later, he and ML went out for dinner and drinks. Instead of driving ML to her car at the end of the date, defendant drove ML to a secluded location and sexually assaulted her. A jury would convict defendant of felonious sexual assault for which he was sentenced to an indeterminate prison term of eight years to life, and designated as an SVP. Defendant appealed his conviction, sentence, and SVP designation to the court of appeals. The court of appeals affirmed the sexual assault conviction, but held that the trial court erred when it designated defendant as an SVP without making the factual findings required by the SVP statute. The court of appeals remanded the case to the trial court with instructions to make the factual findings of whether defendant was an SVP. Defendant took issue with the trial court's finding that he "established a relationship" with the victim with the intent of assaulting her to satisfy that criterion of the SVP statute. After applying its interpretation of the relationship criterion to the record in this case, the Court held that the trial court made the appropriate specific findings and correctly designated defendant as a SVP. View "Candelaria v. Colorado" on Justia Law

Defendant Rhoderick Flockhart was convicted of distribution of marijuana and possession of eight ounces or more. On appeal, the appellate court ruled on three issues: (1) the court reversed defendant's convictions because the trial court instructed the jury before deliberating; (2) the trial court erred by requiring defendant to raise and argue his challenges for cause in front of the prospective jurors; and (3) affirmed the trial court's order denying defendant's motion to disqualify the judge. The Supreme Court, after its review of the trial court proceedings, concluded: (1) that the trial court erred in giving pre-deliberation instructions, but that the error was harmless; (2) the trial court can, in its discretion, conduct venire challenges for cause in open court; and (3) the trial court did not err in denying defendant's motion to disqualify the trial judge. View "Colorado v. Flockhart" on Justia Law

This case arose from Petitioner Brandon Allen's designation as a sexually violent predator (SVP). The court of appeals affirmed the trial court's SVP designation and held that the trial court could designate an offender as an SVP even if the offender was deemed unlikely to recidivate based on his low score on the Sex Offender Management Board's risk assessment screening instrument. Upon review, the Supreme Court concluded that the trial court makes the ultimate SVP designation, but should give substantial deference to the scored Screening Instrument. A trial court that deviates from the results of the scored Screening Instrument must make specific findings on the record to demonstrate the necessity of the deviation. View "Allen v. Colorado" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the court of appeals’ ruling in favor of the Colorado Department of Local Affairs’ interpretation of CRS 39-4-102. The Court held that Qwest Corporation as a public utility, is valued centrally and therefore was not entitled to the intangible property exemption or the cost cap valuation method found elsewhere in Colorado’s tax statutes. The Court also held that this valuation method did not violate Qwest’s constitutional guarantee under the Equal Protection Clause nor did it violate Qwest’s rights under the Uniform Taxation Clause of the Colorado Constitution. View "Qwest v. Colorado Division of Property Taxation" on Justia Law